Appendix 1 

Ratikkans by class: 

     Below is the status of Ratikkan human males, as of their 16^th birthday (rounded), from the 11 freeholds, by class* (578 CY)[76]:

Ftr: 0.4%

Bbn: 0.4%

Pal: 0.1%

Rgr: 0.2%

Rog: 0.5%

Brd: 0.3%

Wiz: 0.1%

Sor: 0.2%

Clr: 0.3%

Mnk: 0.0%

Adp: 0.6%

Ari: 0.6%

Exp: 3.4%

War: 7.9%

Com: 85.0% 

*“Fighters” included Swashbucklers and Marshals, and to a lesser extent, Hexblades, Knights and Psychic Warriors.

“Rangers” included Scouts.

“Rogues” included Scouts.

“Sorcerers” included a small number of Psions.

“Clerics” included Druids, Cloistered Clerics, Favored Souls, and Healers. 

Enlistment Categories: Who Ended Up Where in 578 CY? 

     Below is the percentage of Ratikkan human males, from the 11 freeholds (including Subalterns), of each character class (rounded), at the time of their enlistment or conscription. Almost all of the recruits were Level 1. Many would have progressed beyond that by their time of enlistment: “(à)” indicates progress in that direction [77]: 

25-year Professionals (5.0% of all Ratikkan human males became career soldiers):

Ftr: 0.1%

War (->Ftr): 4.4%

Ari (->Ftr): 0.1%

Exp (->Ari): 0.1%

Exp: 0.1%

Com: 0.2% 

2-Year Volunteers (42.2% of all Ratikkan human males volunteered for two years):

Ftr: 0.3%

Pal: 0.1%

Rgr: 0.2%

Rog: 0.1%

Brd: 0.1%

Ari: 0.2%

Ari (->Ftr): 0.2%

Exp (->Rog): 0.1%

Exp (->Brd): 0.1%

Exp: 1.2%

War: 2.6%

Com (->War): 0.3%

Com (->Exp): 0.1%

Com: 36.6%

18-Month Conscripts (33.1% of all Ratikkan human males were conscripted for 18 months):

Ftr: 0.0%

Bbn: 0.2%

Rog: 0.2%

Brd: 0.1%

Sor: 0.1%

Adp: 0.4%

Adp (->Clr): 0.1%

Ari: 0.1%;

Exp (->Clr): 0.2%

Exp (->Rgr): 0.1%

Exp: 0.7%

War (->Ftr): 0.1%

War (->Pal): 0.1%

War: 0.3%;

Com (->Wiz): 0.1%

Com (->War): 0.1%

Com: 30.1%

     Approximately 0.5% of Rattikan human males became craftsmen. The percentage represents their status on their 16^th birthday; many progressed beyond that by the time of their actual enlistment: 

Craftsmen (2-Year Volunteers) (0.5% of all Ratikkan human males):

Exp: 0.4%

Com (->Exp): 0.1% 

A disproportionate number of craftsmen recruits were dwarves and gnomes, almost all (99%) of whom were of the Expert class.

     The approximate percentage of enlistment category and class who became spellcasters (class progression past their 16^th birthday before enlistment was a particularly important consideration for Clerics and Wizards, whose training periods are very long. A few Clerics are not accepted due to alignment reasons): 

Spellcasters (2-Year Volunteers) (0.4% of all Ratikkan human males):

Clr: 0.2%

Sor: 0.1%

Wiz: 0.1% 

Many spellcaster recruits were women, non-human, or both.

     The remainder of the male Ratikkan population was either relegated to garrison service, rejected for military service outright, or simply avoided service; The percentage represents their status on their 16^th birthday; some progressed beyond that by the time of actual enlistment, but most ere the sort who did not: 

Garrison Service, Rejected, or Dodged (18.8% of all Ratikkan human males):

Ftr: 0.0%

Bbn: 0.2%

Rog: 0.2%

Brd: 0.1%

Adp: 0.1%

Exp (->Clr): 0.1%

Exp: 0.3%

War (->Ftr): 0.1%

War: 0.3%

Com (->Sor): 0.1%

Com: 17.3%

    Young, male Bone March refugees had similar class profiles as Ratikkans, except for those who fled recently; Most (90%) escaped slaves were 1^st level Commoners, while freemen were more likely than Ratikkans to have been Warriors, Fighters, Rogues, and Barbarians, and were sometimes higher than 1^st level (10%). Recruits from other places (e.g., Frutzi; Nyrondese) were rarely Commoners. Most were Warriors, Aristocrats, or another combatant adventuring class, and frequently higher than 1^st level. 

     Halflings (most of whom were Bone March expats) had similar class profiles to their human counterparts. Half-elves generally showed up better trained than their human counterparts. Half-orcs were rarely anything other than a 1^st level Commoner (most) or a 1^st level Warrior (the remainder). About 30% of dwarves who were subjects of the 11 freeholds were 1^st level Warriors, 30% were 1^st level Fighters, and most of the remainder were 1^st level Experts. About 46% of male dwarves from the mountain clans were 1^st level Warriors, 45% were 1^st level Fighters , and most of the remainder were 1^st level Experts.[78] Most gnomes were 1^st level Experts on enlistment. Elves were generally a mix of Experts, Warriors, Fighters, Scouts, and Rogues.

Appendix 2 

Selection Standards [using D&D 3.5 standards]: 

  Apprentice Craftsman: Lift 40 lbs [equates to 4 STR]; March 20’/round; Certified Apprentice [equates to Craft +3 (trained)]; Literate in Common; Recommendation of the Archbaron; Must be a 2-year volunteer. Most of the recruits who are accepted as apprentices are actually journeymen [Craft +5 (trained) or higher], particularly for blacksmiths, amongst which non-humans are numerous.  

  Apprentice Spellcaster (Arcane): Lift 40 lbs [equates to 4 STR]; March 20’/round; Cast Cantrips (in practice, only those who can cast 1^st level spells are accepted); Literate in Common; Recommendation of the Archbaron; Must be a 2-year volunteer. 

  Apprentice Spellcaster (Divine): Lift 70 lbs [equates to 7 STR]; March 20’/round; Cast Orisons (in practice, only those who can cast 1^st level spells are accepted); Literate in Common; Recommendation of the Archbaron; Must be a 2-year volunteer. 

  Marine: Lift 115 lbs [equates to 11 STR]; March 30’/round in gear; Certified Ordinary Seaman [equates to a minimum of Profession (Boatman) + 0 (but trained); Profession (Sailor) + 1; Use Rope +5]; Swim 22 yards in calm water with weapons and armor in 1 minute [equates to Swim DC14]; Pass Vessel Obstacle Course w/ weapons and armor in 1 minute [equates to Balance DC 15 x 2, Climb DC 10 x 2]; Must be a 2-year volunteer. 

  Private (Infantry Spearman): Lift 115 lbs [equates to 11 STR]; March 30’/round in gear. 

  Private (Infantry Shortbowman): Lift 90 lbs [equates to 9 STR]; March 30’/round in gear; Hit a Man-Sized Target 6 out 10 times with a shortbow @ 150’ [equates to Shooter’s BAB +0; Shooter Proficient; Shooter’s DEX 10-11; Target Stationary = 0 DEX w/-2 AC; two range increments]. 

  Private (Infantry Light Crossbowman): Lift 90 lbs. [equates to 9 STR]; March 30’/round in gear; Hit a Man-Sized Target 6 out 10 times with a light crossbow @ 210’ [equates to Shooter’s BAB +0; Shooter Proficient; Shooter’s DEX 10-11; Target Stationary = 0 DEX w/-2 AC; two range increments]. 

  Private (Infantry Slinger): Lift 90 lbs [equates to 9 STR]; March 30’/round in gear; Hit a Man-Sized Target 6 out 10 times with a sling @ 120’ [equates to Shooter’s BAB +0; Shooter Proficient; Shooter’s DEX 10-11; Target Stationary = 0 DEX w/-2AC; two range increments].

      Private (Volunteer Borderer Shortbowman): Lift 90 lbs [equates to 9 STR]; March 30’/round in gear; Hit a Man-Sized Target 6 out 10 times with a shortbow @ 150’ [equates to Shooter’s BAB +0; Shooter Proficient; Shooter’s DEX 10-11; Target Stationary = 0 DEX w/-2 AC; two range increments]; Must be a 2-year volunteer. 

  Private (Volunteer Borderer Light Crossbowman): Lift 90 lbs. [equates to 9 STR]; March 30’/round in gear; Hit a Man-Sized Target 6 out 10 times with a light crossbow @ 210’ [equates to Shooter’s BAB +0; Shooter Proficient; Shooter’s DEX 10-11; Target Stationary = 0 DEX w/-2 AC; two range increments]; Must be a 2-year volunteer. 

  Private (Volunteer Borderer Slinger): Lift 90 lbs [equates to 9 STR]; March 30’/round in gear; Hit a Man-Sized Target 6 out 10 times with a sling @ 120’ [equates to Shooter’s BAB +0; Shooter Proficient; Shooter’s DEX 10-11; Target Stationary = 0 DEX w/ -2AC; two range increments]; Must be a 2-year volunteer. 

  Trooper: Lift 100 lbs [equates to 10 STR]; March 30’/round in (dismounted) gear; Pass Equestrian Obstacle Course in 1 minute [equates to Ride DC 15 x 2]. 

  Sapper: Lift 100 lbs [equates to 10 STR]; March 20’/round in gear; Under 4’ 6” in height. 

  Subaltern/Tribune: Lift 115 lbs [equates to 11 STR]; March 30’/round in gear (unless assigned to a Sapper unit, where the standard is 20’/round); Literate in Common; Recommendation of the Archbaron; Must be a 2-year volunteer. 

Appendix 3 

     In D&D 3.5 terms, initial entry training trains and tests recruits in light armor proficiency, and proficiency with longspears, spears, lances, light crossbows, shotbows, slings, or handaxes. A recruit might also gain the “Endurance”, “Great Fortitude” “Run”, or “Toughness” feats, a +2 Basic Save Bonus in Fortitude, or gain or improve the skills of “Jump”, “Climb”, “Balance”, and, in certain districts, “Ride” or “Swim”, due to physical fitness training. They might gain a fighter’s +1 Basic Attack Bonus, and a recruit with d4 hit points might increase to d6; one with d6 hit points might improve to d8, and so on, due to combatives training. Other training and discipline might teach the “Profession (Soldier: Ratik)” skill.[79] 

     Deficient recruits slip through [by lucking out on skill checks, in game terms], while fully qualified people occasionally fail through carelessness [in game terms, not “Taking 10”]. Finally, strength standards might be waived simply to fill a slot (the soldier just had to suck it up and develop some stamina [i.e., earn a “Good” save Bonus for Fortitude, or the “Endurance”, “Great Fortitude”, “Run”, or “Toughness” feat]. 

Appendix 4 

[Note: I DM D&D 3.5, but I use the partial armor rules inspired by AD&D2 Combat & Tactics. “Iron Helm” translates as a +4 AC to head only] 

Ratikkan cavalry might look like the charging English mounted borderers here[80]: 

https://www.google.com/search?q=image+flodden+1513&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjN4tTLydvSAhVCRSYKHTfPCh4QsAQIGQ&biw=1920&bih=985#imgrc=60LcZbtUt8Y6tM

 …Ratikkan longspearmen might resemble the Scottish borderers on the left, sans tam-o-shanters (or maybe with?). 

This[81]: 

https://www.google.com/search?q=image+medieval+burgundian+infantry&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwichYOq5bjyAhXEl1MKHYLGDAwQ2-cCegQIABAA&oq=image+medieval+burgundian+infantry&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQA1CIMFiVW2DSX2gBcAB4AIABSogB3gSSAQIxMJgBAKABAaoBC2d3cy13aXotaW1nwAEB&sclient=img&ei=Cg4cYZzYIsSvzgKCjbNg&bih=985&biw=1920#imgrc=wc3Q4HLTgX3jgM

 …would work for volunteer borderers, although the guy on the left (1) is a little heavily armored—maybe he’s strong ;)—and most would have slings, shortbows, or light crossbows rather than longbows (or handguns). The livery would be “Ratik” (blue, green, and red) instead of the red cross of burgundy. Ratikkans can wear their cloaks for camouflage, although volunteer borderers, scouts, and once they were organized, the halfling skirmishers, often made their own suits. 

This[82]: 

https://www.google.com/search?q=image+medieval+burgundian&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjukZmTytvSAhVESCYKHXcDAyQQsAQIGQ&biw=1920&bih=985#imgrc=DzS75377nTNWGM

 …could work for Ratikkans, too. Feudal levies and Provincial militias might have more variation from unit to unit and even individual to individual.] 

   The Marshal’s Baton’s Powers gives the bearer:

       1) Tower shield-sized mobile disk of force that provides a +4 AC force bonus to the front and negates “Magic Missile” attacks;

       2) +1 resistance bonus on all saving throws;

       3) 5 points of resistance from cold, electricity, and fire damage;

       4) +1 (5%) morale bonus applied to self and when rallying others.[83]

  The magical properties would not be common knowledge.

More prosaically, the basic issue simple, undyed wool clothes and shoes I defined as a “Peasant” outfit by D&D 3.5 standards. 

Endnotes:

[76] Cook, Tweet, and Williams, Dungeon Master’s Guide [v. 3.5], 109, 137-139;      

    The percentage of adult males at age 16 is an extrapolation of what percentage of the population is in a certain class by the D&D 3.5 DMG standard, and the starting ages for the various classes in the PHB (assuming that the starting ages for NPC classes is 16-19), i.e, many future Rogues are already Rogues at age 16, while few Wizards or Clerics are. I also assume that the “fighting types” are disproportionately male in Ratik.

[77] Cook, Tweet, and Williams, Dungeon Master’s Guide [v. 3.5], 138-139;

    Cook, Tweet, and Williams, Player’s Handbook [v. 3.5], 109. 

    This continues the extrapolation of the percentage of the population by class.

[78] Jim Bambra, The Complete Book of Dwarves (Lake Geneva: TSR, 1993), 100-109, particularly 100-101 (“Attitude”) and 105-109 (“War”, Militia”, and “Special Forces”). 

    Dwarves who were subjects of the 11 freeholds would probably fall into the attitudes of “Decadent”, “Declining”, “Dispossessed”, “Exiled”, “Friendly”, and particularly “Integrated”. Assuming two males to one female, and males disproportionately military oriented, about 60% of dwarven males would be trained militia. The semi-autonomous communities would be “declining”, “Dispossessed”, or “Expansionist”, making about 91% of these dwarven males trained militia. Since these young dwarves are nearer the beginning of their training than the average dwarf, I figure about half would be 1^st level warriors and the other half 1^st level Fighters. 

[79] McNab, The Roman Arm, 152-153; 

    Phillips, ed., Epitome of Military Science by Flavius Vegetius Renatus, 75, 80-94, 103, 118-119, 132, 143, 149-150, 171-172; 

    Simkins, The Roman Army for Caesar to Trajan, 9-10. 

   I figure the Ratikkans would try to maintain the classic Great Kingdom’s training standards, but there’s only so much you can do in month; McNab mentions that IET for the Roman Legions was typically four months (close to the US Army / USMC for combat arms), at the start of up to 25 years of active duty.   

[80] Rich Baker and Skip Williams, Combat and Tactics [AD&D2] (No Place of Publishing given; presumably Lake Geneva, WI: TSR, 1995), 127-128, 146-150. 

[81] Keith Durham, The Border Reivers (Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 1995), Art by Angus McBride, plate B, description on pp. 43-44. 

[82] Michael, Armies of Medieval Burgundy, Art by Gerry Embleton, plate H, pp. 37-38. Art by Gerry Embleton. 

[83] Michael, Armies of Medieval Burgundy, plate G, description on pp. 37-38. Art by Gerry Embleton. 

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